William w



(,No Model.)

P. M. HARRIS. ART OF UNITING METALS.

No. 489,077. Patented Jan. 3, 1893.

WITNESSES INVENTOR 1 UNITE w STATES PATENT OFFICE.

FRANK M. HARRIS, OF NEW ALBANY, INDIANA;-WILLIAM W. TULEY EXECUTOR OF SAID HARRIS, DECEASED.

ART'OF U,N lTl NG' METAL-s.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 489,077, dated January 3, 1893.

Application filed November 30, 1891. Serial No. 418,4?6. (No model.) 1

.To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, FRANK M. HARRIS, a resident of NewAlbany,in the county of Floyd and State of Indiana, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Art of Uniting Metals. and Forming Metal Joints;

- and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use the same. y

The invention relates to the art of permanently joining amalgamable metals or alloys to metallic or non-metallic bases and consists in the methods hereinafter described and particularly pointed out.

In the accompanyin'gdrawin'gs: "Figure l is a section of a ring with a mold thereon, and an addition to the ring cast in the mold; Fig. 2 is a similar view of a ring, mold; and astone secured in position by metal cast in the mold; Fig. 3 is a plan of the construction shown in 1; and Fig. 4 is a. plan of that shown in Fig. 2.

In carrying out the invention plastic amalgam of a metal, orof metals or alloys adapted to be worked and shaped by a tool is forced.

into a matrix, depression, crevice or receptacle and is made to fit the interior of said matrix. The exteriorsurface which is acted upon bythe tool can be given any desired contour. Suflicient heat is thereupon applied in any convenient manner, as by baking or by a or alloy is pressed into the matrix. then heated to expel the mercury whereupon will ordinarily be found convenient to work .the amalgam into the matrix by successive portions, the mercury being suitably expelled. To eifect this, amalgam of the desired metal This is more amalgam or foil or filings are pressed into the matrix upon. the amalgam first introduced. Theyunite withthe same and the mercury being expelled by heat the cast fills the matrix and is of the desired metal or alloy. The degree of heat required to expel the mercury is not high being below. the melting point of gold solder.

To alloy metals they are amalgamated in the desired ratio and heated. Thus gold and platinum being amalgamated and mixed in the ratio of fifty to one and the mercury expelled by heat, an alloy containing two per cent of platinum will remain. If therefore gold" or any amalgama-ble metal in pure state be unsuitable for the desired uses it can be properly alloyed to secure the desired degree of hardness or other quality by the method just described. l

The invention is capable of use in any art where it may be desirable to add or unite an amalgamable metal to an article or foundation such addition havinga shape determined wholly or in part by the foundation or by a matrix formed thereon, If such foundation is not itself amalgamable and has no. undercut portions they may be provided in any cone venient manner to give the amalgamable addition metal a mechanical hold upon the article or foundation. This will be required only in case the amalgamable metal has insuflicient adhesion to the foundation andthe matrix is in practice to be removed.

The improvement is applicable in metal working whenever it is desired to build additions of a nalgamable metal or alloy upon a metallic base or foundation, but it is not limited to such foundation. If the foundation be amalgamable the'added amalgam will amalgamate said foundation and form a specially close and compact union. I

By the term mold as used herein is intended any receptacle or foundation that will give In Figs. 3 and 4 numeral 4 may indicate a non-metallic article, 2' a mold and 3 a metallic addition formed by introducing an amalgam within the mold about the article i, the mercury having been subsequently expelled. The metal 3 is united to the mold base and mechanically holds the non-metallic article. A ring has for convenience been employed to illustrate the uses of the invention which is however entirely independent of the particular article. The mold if made of plaster will ordinarily be removed, though under some circumstances it will be practicable to use a mold which will remain a part of the completed. article.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, 1s:

1. The improvement in the art of uniting an amalgamable metal to a base which consists in forming an addition of amalgam upon the base within a matrix and expelling the mercury by heat, the solid metal of the addition being thereby permanently fixed to the base in the form desired; substantially as set forth.

2. The improvement in the art of uniting amalgamable metals to an amalgamable metallic base which consists in forming thereon an addition of amalgam within a matrix and expelling the mercury by heat, the solid metal of the addition being thereby permanently fixed to the base in the form desired; substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification in the presence of two subscribingwitnesses.

FRANK M. HARRIS.

WVitnesses:

BENJ. R. OATLIN, O. H. KEAN. 

